Jacob-Jakarta is vulnerable to sinking because there is no way to protect it. And the wall thats being built is not yet complete. Other factors increasing the vulnerability are the rising sea level and the decreasing subsidence. 2. The goverment started to take action when they noticed the sea level was rising. And their plan to prevent this is to build a wall and various islands to stop massive flooding. 3. Some hurdles they face are the decreasing subsidence, rising sea shore, and the wall thats suppose to prevent flooding is not complete yet. And the author is impressed with their goverment because the money they spend is mainly focused on stopping the flooding.